Node.js is a runtime environment that allows developers to run JavaScript code on the server side. Because of its event-driven, non-blocking I/O approach, which makes programs highly scalable and efficient, it is well-liked for web development.

Callbacks, promises, and the async/await syntax are used by Node.js to manage asynchronous operations. Because it uses an event loop to handle numerous tasks at once without preventing other code from running, it’s perfect for developing real-time applications and managing high request volumes.

Node.js comes with a set of built-in core modules that provide essential functionality, such as file system operations (fs), HTTP server creation (HTTP), and networking (net). These modules simplify common tasks and streamline development without requiring external dependencies.

Error handling in Node.js can be achieved through try/catch blocks, error-first callbacks, and middleware functions. Additionally, frameworks like Express.js provide error-handling middleware to centralize error management and improve code maintainability.

npm (Node Package Manager) is the default package manager for Node.js, used to install, manage, and share JavaScript packages. Using npm, developers can quickly and simply include third-party frameworks, libraries, and tools into their projects, which will expedite development and increase productivity.